RESEARCH PAPER
Age and sedimentological features of fluvial series in the Toruń Basin and the Drwęca Valley (Poland)
 
More details
Hide details
1
Institute of Geography, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
 
2
Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziądzka 5/7, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
 
3
Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw, Krakowskie Przedmieście 30, 00-927, Warszawa, Poland
 
 
Online publication date: 2011-09-22
 
 
Publication date: 2011-12-01
 
 
Geochronometria 2011;38(4):397-412
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The deposits of the Toruń Basin are dominated by a few-metre thick sand series which fill up buried valley-like depressions. In many cases they underlie the Weichselian till which builds up the ice marginal streamway (pradolina) terraces or they are exposed at the basin slopes. As the results of the geological and sedimentological studies, as well as of the dating of the deposits at the sites in the Toruń Basin indicate, the deposits include two fluvial series accumulated before the advancement of the Leszno Phase ice sheet, i.e. in Middle Weichselian and at the beginning of Late Weichselian. The oldest fluvial series connected with the Saalian Glaciation was found at the mouth section of the Drwęca Valley. The fluvial system of the Toruń Basin during Middle Weichselian and at the beginning of Late Weichselian developed in two phases of the sand-bed braided river. During the first one the river channel were dominated by large mid-riverbed sandbars, while during the second phase the water flow was smaller and, as a result, low transverse sandbars and two-dimensional dunes developed. Other active river channel also showed low-energy flows, more intensive meandering than in the case of the braided rivers, as well as sandy side-bars. Analysis of the rounding and frosting of the quartz grains indicate that the studied series of the Weichselian sandy deposits represent alluvia of a river which were fed from two diverse sources. The first one might have represented the alluvia of a warm river which transformed its load, while the other one might have mainly carried the underlying Quaternary deposits.
 
REFERENCES (56)
1.
Bøtter-Jensen L and Duller GAT, 1992. A new system for measuring optically stimulated luminescence from quartz samples. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 20(4): 549–553, DOI 10.1016/1359-0189(92)90003-E. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359....
 
2.
Boulton GS, Dongelmans P, Punkari M and Broadgate M, 2001. Palaeoglaciology of an ice sheet through a glacial cycle: the European ice sheet through the Weichselian. Quaternary Science Reviews 20(4): 591–625, DOI 10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00160-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S027....
 
3.
Cailleux A, 1942. Les actiones éoliennes périglaciaires en Europe. Mémoire de la société Géologique de France 41: 176pp (in French).
 
4.
Cant DJ and Walker RG, 1976. Development of a braided-fluvial facies model for the Devonian Battery Point Sandstone, Quebec. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 13: 102–119, DOI 10.1139/e76-010 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e76-....
 
5.
Cant DJ and Walker RG, 1978. Fluvial processes and facies sequences in the sandy braided South Saskatchewan River, Canada. Sedimentology 25(5): 625–648, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1978.tb00323.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.13....
 
6.
Collinson J, Mountney N and Thompson D, 2006. Sedimentary structures, 3. Terra Publishing Harpenden, England: 304pp.
 
7.
Duller GAT, 2007. Assessing the error on equivalent dose estimates derived from single aliquot regenerative dose measurements. Ancient TL 25: 15–24.
 
8.
Folk RL and Ward WC, 1957. Brazos River bar: a study in the significance of grain size parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 27(1): 3–26.
 
9.
Goździk J, 1980. Zastosowanie morfometrii i graniformametrii do badań osadów w kopalni węgla brunatnego Bełchatów. Studia Regionalne IV(IX). PWN Warszawa-Łódź: 101–114 (in Polish).
 
10.
Houmark-Nielsen M, 2007. Extent and age of Middle and Late Pleistocene glaciations and periglacial episodes in southern Jylland, Denmark. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 55: 9–35.
 
11.
Houmark-Nielsen M, 2010. Extent, age and dynamics of Marine Isotope Stage 3 glaciations in the southwestern Baltic Basin. Boreas 39(2): 343–359, DOI 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2009.00136.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.15....
 
12.
Houmark-Nielsen M and Kjær KH, 2003. Southwest Scandinavia 40-15 ka BP: Plaleogeography and environmental change. Journal of Quaternary Science 18(8): 769–786, DOI 10.1002/jqs.802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.....
 
13.
Krinsley DH and Doornkamp JC, 1973. Atlas of quartz sand surface textures. Cambrige Univ. Press.
 
14.
Krinsley DH and Takahashi T, 1962. The surface textures of sand grains: an application of electron microscopy: glaciation. Science 138(3546): 1262–1264, DOI 10.1126/science.138.3546.1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scie....
 
15.
Krinsley DH, Takahashi T, Silberman ML and Newman WS, 1964. Transportation of sand grains along the Atlantic shore Long Island, New York: An application of electron microscopy. Marine Geology 2: 100–120, DOI 10.1016/0025-3227(64)90029-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025....
 
16.
Krumbein WC, 1941. Measurement and geological significance of shape and roundness of sedimentary particles. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 11: 64–72, DOI 10.1306/D42690F3-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D.
 
17.
Latałowa M, 2003. Późny Vistulian (Late Vistulian). In: Dybowa-Jachowicz S and Sadowska A, eds, Palinologia. Wyd. PAN Instytut Botaniki, Kraków: 266–273 (in Polish).
 
18.
Makowska A, 1979. Interglacjał eemski w Dolinie Dolnej Wisły (Eemian interglacial In the Valley of Lower Vistula River). Studia Geologica Polonica 63: 90pp (in Polish).
 
19.
Manickam S and Barbaroux L, 1987. Variations in the surface texture of suspended quartz grains in the Loire river: An SEM study. Sedimentology 34(3): 495–510, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1987.tb00581.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.13....
 
20.
Margolis S and Kennett JP, 1971. Cenozoic, paleoglacial history of Antarctica, recrded in subarctic deep-sea cores. American Journal of Science 271: 1–36, DOI 10.2475/ajs.271.1.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/ajs.....
 
21.
Marks L, 2010. Timing of the Late Vistulian (Weichselian) glacial phases in Poland. Quaternary Science Reviews (in press), DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.08.008.
 
22.
Marren PM, 2005. Magnitude and frequency in proglacial rivers: a geomorphological and sedimentological perspective. Earth-Science Reviews 70(3–4): 203–251, DOI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.12.002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ea....
 
23.
Miall AD, 1978. Lithofacies types and vertical profile models in braided rivers: A summary. In: Miall AD, ed., Fluvial Sedimentology. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 5: 597–604.
 
24.
Miall AD, 1985. Architectural-element analysis: a new metod of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits. Earth-Science Reviews 22(4): 261–308, DOI 10.1016/0012-8252(85)90001-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012....
 
25.
Molewski P, 2007. Neotektoniczne i glacidynamiczne uwarunkowania wykształcenia plejstocenu Wysoczyzny Kujawskiej (Neotectonic and glaciodynamic conditions for the formation of the Pleistocene of the Kujawy Moraine Plateau). Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń: 140pp (in Polish).
 
26.
Morawska M and Morawski M, 2009. Formy po strumieniach lodowych w Polsce Zachodniej i Północno-Zachodniej — identyfikacja w rzeźbie. In: Kostrzewski A, ed., Geneza, litologia, stratygrafia utworów czwartorzędowych (Genesis, lithology and stratigraphy of Quaternary deposits). SGP, UAM Poznań, t. V (in Polish).
 
27.
Murray AS and Wintle AG, 2000. Luminescence dating of quartz using an improved single-aliquot regenerative-dose protocol. Radiation Measurements 32(1): 57–73, DOI 10.1016/S1350-4487(99)00253-X. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S135....
 
28.
Mycielska-Dowgiałło E, 2007. Metody badań cech teksturalnych osadów klastycznych i wartość interpretacyjna wyników (Methods of researches of the textural features of clastic deposits and their interpretation value). In: Mycielska-Dowgiałło E and Rutkowski J, eds., Badania cech teksturalnych osadów czwartorzędowych i wybrane metody oznaczania ich wieku. WSWPR, Warszawa: 95–180 (in Polish).
 
29.
Mycielska-Dowgiałło E and Woronko B, 1998. Analiza obtoczenia i zmatowienia powierzchni ziarn kwarcowych frakcji piaszczystej i jej wartość interpretacyjna (Rounding and frosting analysis of quarto grains of Sand fraction, and its interpretative value). Przegląd Geologiczny 46: 1275–1281 (in Polish).
 
30.
Nanson GC and Knighton AD, 1996. Anabranching rivers: their cause, character and classification. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 21(3): 217–239, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199603)21:3<217::AID-ESP611>3.0.CO;2-U. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SIC...<217::AID-ESP611>3.0.CO;2-U.
 
31.
Oczkowski HL and Przegiętka K, 1998. Partial Matrix Doses for Thermoluminescence Dating. Physica Scripta 58(5): 534–537, DOI 10.1088/0031-8949/58/5/019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031....
 
32.
Oczkowski HL, Przegiętka K, Lankauf KR and Szmańda JB, 2000. Gamma Spectrometry in Thermoluminescence Dating. Geochronometria 18: 63–68.
 
33.
Olsen H, 1988. The architecture of a sandy braided-meandering river system: an example from the Lower Triassic Solling Formation (M. Buntsandstein) in W-Germany. Geologische Rundschau 77(3): 797–814, DOI 10.1007/BF01830186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01....
 
34.
Ostrowska M, 2008. Wpływ środowiska fluwialnego na charakter powierzchni ziaren kwarcowych na przykładzie aluwiów rzeki Nurzec. Master’s thesis. WGSR UW. Warszawa (in Polish).
 
35.
Punkari M, 1993. Modelling of the dynamics of the Scandinavian ice sheet using remote sensing and GIS methods. In: Aber JS, ed., Glaciotectonics and mapping glacial deposits. Canadian Plains Research Center. University of Regina: 232–250.
 
36.
Salamon T and Zieliński T, 2010. Unusual development of sandur sedimentary succession, an example from the Pleistocene of S Poland. Geologos 16(2): 83–99, DOI 10.2478/v10118-009-0007-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v101....
 
37.
Smith ND, 1970. The braided stream depositional environment: comparison of the Platte River with some Silurian clastic rocks, North-Central Appalachians. Geological Society of America Bulletin 81(10): 2993–3014, DOI 10.1130/0016-7606(1970)81[2993:TBSDEC]2.0.CO;2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016....
 
38.
Schwartz DE, 1978. Hydrology and current orientation analysis of braided-to-meandering transition: the Red River in Oklahoma and Texas, U.S.A. In: Miall AD, ed., Fluvial sedimentology. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists: 231–255.
 
39.
Tunbridge IP, 1981. Sandy high-energy flood sedimentation some criteria for recognition, with an example from the Devonian of SW England. Sedimentary Geology 28(2): 79–95, DOI 10.1016/0037-0738(81)90058-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037....
 
40.
Tunbridge IP, 1984. Facies model for a sandy ephemeral stream and clay playa complex: the Middle Devonian Trentishoe Formation of North Devon, UK. Sedimentology 31(5): 697–715, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1984.tb01231.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.13....
 
41.
Weckwerth P, 2004. Morfogeneza wybranych obszarów Kotliny Toruńskiej a problem jej roli w układzie hydrograficznym podczas górnego plenivistulianu (Morphogenesis selected areas of the Toruń Basin and their part in hydrographic network during upper plenivistulian). PhD thesis, UMK Toruń (in Polish).
 
42.
Weckwerth P, 2007. Późnovistuliański rozwój sieci rzecznej w rejonie Kotliny Toruńskiej na tle struktur starszego podłoża (The river network development in the Toruń Basin in the Late Weichselian on the basis of older geological structures). In: Florek W, ed., Słupskie Prace Geograficzne 4: 143–156 (in Polish).
 
43.
Weckwerth P, 2009a. Środowisko depozycji fluwialnej w stadiale głównym zlodowacenia Wisły — stanowisko Nowe Dąbie, południowo-zachodnia część Kotliny Toruńskiej (Fluvial depositional envinronment in the Main Stadial of Weichselian Glaciation. In: Pisarska-Jamroży M and Babiński Z, eds., Plejstoceńskie środowiska sedymentacyjne Pojezierza Pomorskiego, Wydawnictwo UKW, Bydgoszcz: 90–99 (in Polish).
 
44.
Weckwerth P, 2009b. Warunki depozycji osadów plenivistuliańskiej rzeki roztokowej w Kotlinie Toruńskiej (Depositional conditions of Plenivistulian breided river in the Toruń Basin). In: Żarski M and Lisicki S, eds., XVI Konferencja Stratygrafia Plejstocenu Polski, Strefa marginalna lądolodu zlodowacenia warty i pojezierza plejstoceńskie na południowym Podlasiu: 135–138 (in Polish).
 
45.
Weckwerth P, 2010. Evolution of the Toruń Basin in the Late Weichselian. Landform Analysis 14: 57–84.
 
46.
Weckwerth P, Przegiętka KR and Chruścińska A, 2011. The OSL Age inversion of sand-bed braided river deposits in the Toruń Basin (Poland), submitted to Quaternary Geochronology.
 
47.
Wintle AG and Murray AS, 2006. A review of quartz optically stimulated luminescence characteristics and their relevance in single-aliquot regeneration dating protocols. Radiation Measurements 41(4): 369–391, DOI 10.1016/j.radmeas.2005.11.001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ra....
 
48.
Włodek M, 1980. Młodszy plejstocen w rejonie Nakła nad Notecią(Younger Pleistocene in the area of Nakło on the Noteć). Przegląd Geologiczny 8: 453–456 (in Polish).
 
49.
Woronko B, 2001. Znaczenie analizy obtoczenia i zmatowienia powierzchni ziarn kwarcowych frakcji piaszczystej w interpretacji genetycznej osadów czwartorzędowych. In: Mycielska-Dowgiałło E, ed., Eolizacja osadów jako wskażnik stratygraficzny Czwartorzędu. Pracownia Sedymentologiczna, WGiSR: 33–38 (in Polish).
 
50.
Woronko B and Ostrowska M, 2009. Wpływ środowiska fluwialnego na charakter powierzchni ziarn kwarcowych — dyskusja. In: Kostrzewski A and Paluszkiewicz R, eds, Geneza, litologia i stratygrafia utworów czwartorzędowych (Genesis, lithology and stratigraphy of Quaternary deposits) V: 605–622 (in Polish).
 
51.
Wysota W, 2002. Stratygrafia i środowiska sedymentacji zlodowacenia wisły w południowej części dolnego Powiśla (Stratigraphy and sedimentary environments of the Vistulian (Weichselian) glaciation in the southern part of the Lower Vistula region, middle-north Poland). Wydawnictwo UMK: 144pp (in Polish).
 
52.
Wysota W, Lankauf KR, Molewski P and Szmańda J, 1996. Sedymen-tologia interstadialnej serii rzecznej (Rzęczkowo) zlodowacenia Wisły (Vistulian) odsłoniętej w SW krawędzi Wysoczyzny Chełmińskiej (Sedimentology of the interstadial fluvial series (Rzęczkowo) of the Vistulian glaciation expose in the SW margin of the Chełmno Moraine Plateau). Acta Universitatis Nicolai Copernic, Geografia 28: 39–63.
 
53.
Wysota W, Molewski P and Sokołowski RJ, 2009. Record of the Vistula ice lobe advances in the Late Weichselian glacial sequence in north-central Poland. Quaternary International 207(1–2): 26–41, DOI 10.1016/j.quaint.2008.12.015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.qu....
 
54.
Zieliński T, 1992. Proglacial valley facies of the Silesian Upland — genetic factors and their sedimentological effects. Geologica Sudetica 26(1–2): 83–118.
 
55.
Zieliński T, 1993. Sandry Polski północno-wschodniej — osady i warunki sedymentacji (Outwash plains of NE Poland — sediments and deposits processes). Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Śląskiego 1398: 97pp (in Polish).
 
56.
Zieliński T, 1998. Litofacjalna identyfikacja osadów rzecznych (Lithofacial identification of alluvial sediments). In. Mycielska-Dowgiałło E, ed., Struktury sedymentacyjne i postsedymentacyjne w osadach czwartorzędowych i ich wartość interpretacyjna (Sedimentological and postsedimentological structures in Quaternary sediments and their value for interpretation) Wydział Geografii I Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa: 195–257.
 
eISSN:1897-1695
ISSN:1733-8387
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top